Topic N1
Japanese Learning
Philosophy - Ethics in Advanced Technology
N1 Conversation lesson 29: Philosophy - Ethics in Advanced Technology
๐ฌDialogue
่ฟๅนดใฎใฒใใ ็ทจ้ใใใฌใคใณใปใใทใณใปใคใณใฟใผใใงใผในใซไปฃ่กจใใใๅ ็ซฏๆ่กใฎ้ฃ่บใฏใไบบ้กใซๅคๅคงใช็ฆ้ณใใใใใไธๆนใงใๆทฑๅปใชๅซ็็ใธใฌใณใใ็ชใใคใใฆใใพใใ
The dramatic leap in advanced technologies represented by recent genome editing and brain-machine interfaces, while bringing enormous blessings to humanity, is also confronting us with profound ethical dilemmas.
ใใใใจใใใใไบบ้ใฎ้บไผๅญใไบบ็บ็ใซๆไฝใใๆ่กใฏใ่ฆชใฎๆใ่ฝๅใๆใฃใใใใถใคใใผใใใผใใ็ใฟๅบใใชใฉใ็ๅฝใฎๅฐๅณใๆ นๅบใใๆบใใใๅฑ้บๆงใใใใพใใ
Yes. In particular, technology that artificially manipulates human genes risks fundamentally shaking the dignity of life, such as creating "designer babies" with abilities desired by parents.
ใใฎ้ใใงใใๆ่ก็ใชใใงใใใใจใใใๅฟ ใใใๅซ็็ใซใใในใใใจใใจใฏไธ่ดใใชใใจใใไบๅฎใใๆใ ใฏๆฅตใใฆๆ ้ใซ่ฆๆฅตใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใพใใ
Exactly. We must proceed with extreme caution to discern the fact that what is technologically "possible" does not necessarily coincide with what is ethically "permissible/should be done."
ใฏใใใใใซAIใฎๅ้ใซ็ฎใๅใใใฐใ่ชๅพๅ่ดๆญปๅ ตๅจ๏ผLAWS๏ผใฎ้็บใใใขใซใดใชใบใ ใซใใๆฝๅจ็ใชๅทฎๅฅใจใใฃใๅ้กใใ็้ใงใใชใๅซ็ทใฎ่ชฒ้กใจใชใฃใฆใใพใใ
Yes. Furthermore, looking at the field of AI, problems such as the development of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) and potential discrimination built into algorithms have become urgent issues that cannot be overlooked.
ใใใ็นๅฎใฎไผๆฅญใๅฝๅฎถใๆ่ก็ๅชไฝๆงใ็ฌๅ ใใ็ฃ่ฆ็คพไผใๅผทๅใใใใๆ่กๅใซๅบใฅใๆฐใใชๆ ผๅทฎใใใฏใใญใธใผใปใใฃใใคใใใๅฉ้ทใใๅฑ้บๆงใๅญใใงใใพใใ
Yes. There is also the inherent risk that specific companies or nations might monopolize technological superiority, thereby strengthening a surveillance society or exacerbating a new inequality based on technological capability known as the "technology divide."
ใใฃใใใ้ใใงใใๅฉไพฟๆงใ็ตๆธ็ๅฉ็ใฎใฟใ่ฟฝๆฑใใใใพใใใใฉใคใใทใผใ่ช็ฑใจใใฃใๅบๆฌ็ไบบๆจฉใใชใใใใใซใใๆฌๆซ่ปขๅใชไบๆ ใฏ้ฟใใญใฐใชใใพใใใ
Exactly as you say. We must avoid the mistaking of ends and means, where we neglect basic human rights such as privacy and freedom simply because we excessively pursue convenience and economic profit.
ใ ใใใใใ็ ็ฉถ่ ใๆ่ก่ ใ ใใฎ้ใใใณใใฅใใใฃใซๅคๆญใๅงใญใใฎใงใฏใชใใๅฒๅญฆ่ ใๆณๅพๅฎถใใใใฆไธ่ฌๅธๆฐใใไบคใใๅญฆ้็ใช่ญฐ่ซใไธๅฏๆฌ ใชใฎใงใใ
That is exactly why interdisciplinary discussions involving not only the closed community of researchers and engineers but also philosophers, legal experts, and general citizens are indispensable, rather than entrusting the judgment to the former alone.
ใใใๆ่กใ็คพไผๅฎ่ฃ ใใใๅใซใใใใๆใ ใฎ็คพไผใฎๆ นๅนนใใชใๆฎ้็ไพกๅค่ฆณใจๅ่ดใใฆใใใใ่ฆๅฎใใใใใฏใใญใธใผใขใปในใกใณใใใจใใๆฉ่ฝใฎๅผทๅใงใใญใ
Yes. It means strengthening the function of "Technology Assessment" to determine whether a technology aligns with the universal values that form the foundation of our society before it is socially implemented.
ใฏใใใใใฆใไธๅบฆๅฎ่ฃ ใใใๆ่กใงใใฃใฆใใไบๆณๅคใฎ่ฒ ใฎใใฉใใคใ ใทใใใ็ใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใ็ซใกๆญขใพใฃใฆ่ป้ไฟฎๆญฃใงใใไบ้ฒๅๅใฎๆ ไฟใ้่ฆใซใชใใพใใ
Yes. And even for technologies already implemented, if unexpected negative paradigm shifts occur, ensuring the precautionary principle to allow us to stop and course-correct will also be important.
ใใฎๆๅณใงใใคใใใผใทใงใณใฎ็ซใ็ก้ใซๆถใใฎใงใฏใชใใๆ่กใฎๆด่ตฐใ้ฃใๆญขใใใๅซ็ใจใใๅใฎใใฌใผใญใใ็คพไผๅ จไฝใงใใใซ็ฒพ็ทปใซ่จญ่จใปๆง็ฏใใใใๅใใใฆใใพใใ
In that sense, rather than recklessly extinguishing the fire of innovation, the question is how society as a whole can precisely design and construct "the brake named ethics" to halt technology from running out of control.
ใใใๆ่กใฏใใใพใงไบบ้ใๅนธ็ฆใ่ฟฝๆฑใใใใใฎๆๆฎตใงใใใๆ่กใใฎใใฎใ็ฎ็ๅใใฆใฏใชใใชใใจใใใๆฅตใใฆๅคๅ ธ็ใชใใผใผใซ็ซใก่ฟใๆๆใซๆฅใฆใใใฎใงใใใใญใ
Yes. We are probably coming to a time to return to the extremely classical thesis that technology is ultimately a mere means for humans to pursue happiness, and that technology itself must not be made the goal.
ใใฎ้ใใงใใ็งๅญฆๆ่กใฎ้ฒๅฑใใไบบ้ใฎไธปไฝๆงใๅฅชใใฎใงใฏใชใใใใใ็ใฎไบบ้ใใใใ้่ฑใใใๆนๅใธใจๆฉ่ฝใใใใใๆทฑใๅซ็็็ๅฏใ็ถใใฆใใใใใใฎใงใใ
Exactly. We would like to continue profound ethical reflection so that the progress of science and technology functions in a direction that blossoms true humanity, rather than depriving humans of their autonomy.
โญKey Expressions
๏ฝ๏ผใ๏ผ็ชใใคใใ / ๏ฝ็ชใใคใใฆใใพใ
Used to describe presenting a harsh demand, a cruel reality, or a difficult problem that the other party is forced to face.
๏ฝ๏ผใ๏ผๆ นๅบใใๆบใใใ
Describes an event with such a strong impact that it can completely destroy the basis or fundamental belief.
๏ฝ๏ผใ๏ผๅฉ้ทใใ (-wo jocho suru - To encourage / Promote (often something bad))
Refers to making a tendency (usually negative) develop or worsen.
๏ฝ๏ผใ๏ผใชใใใใใซใใ
Used when talking about lacking respect, downplaying, or ignoring something that inherently needs to be cared for or valued.
โQuestions
Aใฏใๆ่ก็ใชใใงใใใใจใใจๅซ็็ใซใใในใใใจใใฎ้ขไฟใซใคใใฆใฉใฎใใใซ่ฟฐในใฆใใพใใใ
ๅ ็ซฏๆ่กใซ้ขใใ่ญฐ่ซใใฉใฎใใใชๅฝขใง่กใในใใ ใจ่ฟฐในใใใฆใใพใใใ
ใๆฌๆซ่ปขๅใใฎๆ่ใซใใใๆญฃใใๆๅณใฏใฉใใงใใใ
ๆ่กใฎๆด่ตฐใ้ฃใๆญขใใใใใซ็คพไผๅ จไฝใงๆง็ฏใในใใใฎใจใใฆใไฝใซไพใใใใฆใใพใใใ
๐Vocabulary
็ฆ้ณ
ใตใใใ
blessing / good tidings
ๅฐๅณ
ใใใใ
dignity
็้ใใ
ใใใใใ
to overlook / turn a blind eye
็ฌๅ ใใ
ใฉใใใใใ
to monopolize
ๆฌๆซ่ปขๅ
ใปใใพใคใฆใใจใ
mistaking the means for the end / putting the cart before the horse
ๅญฆ้็
ใใใใใฆใ
interdisciplinary
ใใผใผ
these (thesis)
thesis / proposition
็ๅฏ
ใใใใค
reflection / introspection
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