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Japanese Learning

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N5Grammar

Lesson 6: Shall we eat together?

Learn about transitive verbs, particle を, location particle で, doing things with someone using と, and invitation/suggestion patterns.

Meaning

Doing something (Acting upon object N)

✏️ Structure

N を V (transitive)

💡 Usage

The particle 「を」 (read as o) is used to indicate the direct object of an action (transitive verb).

📚 Examples

•

ご飯はんを食たべます。

Gohan o tabemasu.

I eat a meal.

•

水みずを飲のみます。

Mizu o nomimasu.

I drink water.

•

手紙てがみを書かきます。

Tegami o kakimasu.

I write a letter.

•

写真しゃしんを撮とります。

Shashin o torimasu.

I take a picture.

•

本ほんを読よみます。

Hon o yomimasu.

I read a book.

Meaning

Do / Play / Perform N

✏️ Structure

N をします

💡 Usage

Used to express performing an action such as playing sports, organizing events, or doing homework.

📚 Examples

•

サッカーをします。

Sakkaa o shimasu.

I play soccer.

•

宿題しゅくだいをします。

Shukudai o shimasu.

I do my homework.

•

テニスをします。

Tenisu o shimasu.

I play tennis.

•

ゲームをします。

Geemu o shimasu.

I play games.

•

仕事しごとをします。

Shigoto o shimasu.

I do my work.

Meaning

What do you do?

✏️ Structure

なにをしますか

💡 Usage

A question used to ask what action someone is performing.

📚 Examples

•

明日あした、何なにをしますか。

Ashita, nani o shimasu ka.

What will you do tomorrow?

•

…テニスをします。

...Tenisu o shimasu.

...I will play tennis.

•

昨日きのう、何なにをしましたか。

Kinou, nani o shimashita ka.

What did you do yesterday?

•

…日本語にほんごを勉強べんきょうしました。

...Nihongo o benkyou shimashita.

...I studied Japanese.

•

土曜日どようび何なにをしますか。

Doyoubi nani o shimasu ka.

What will you do on Saturday?

•

…何なにもしません。

...Nani mo shimasen.

...I will do nothing.

Meaning

What (Usage of Nan and Nani)

✏️ Structure

なん / なに

💡 Usage

Use Nan in the following cases:

Before words starting with sounds from the d, t, n rows (e.g., desu, no...).
Before counter suffixes (e.g., sai, ji...).

Use Nani in all other cases (usually before particles like o, ga...).

📚 Examples

•

それは何なんですか。

Sore wa nan desu ka.

What is that?

•

これは何なんの本ほんですか。

Kore wa nan no hon desu ka.

What kind of book is this?

•

テレサちゃんは何歳なんさいですか。

Teresa-chan wa nan-sai desu ka.

How old is Teresa-chan?

•

何なにを飲のみますか。

Nani o nomimasu ka.

What will you drink?

•

何なにを買かいましたか。

Nani o kaimashita ka.

What did you buy?

Meaning

Do something at a place

✏️ Structure

N (địa điểm) で V

💡 Usage

The particle 「de」 indicates the place where an action occurs (different from the particle "ni" which indicates existence).

📚 Examples

•

駅えきで新聞しんぶんを買かいます。

Eki de shinbun o kaimasu.

I buy a newspaper at the station.

•

どこで写真しゃしんを撮とりましたか。

Doko de shashin o torimashita ka.

Where did you take the photo?

•

レストランで昼ひるごはんを食たべます。

Resutoran de hirugohan o tabemasu.

I eat lunch at the restaurant.

•

庭にわでサッカーをします。

Niwa de sakkaa o shimasu.

I play soccer in the yard.

•

スーパーで牛乳ぎゅうにゅうを買かいました。

Suupaa de gyuunyuu o kaimashita.

I bought milk at the supermarket.

Meaning

Do something together with someone

✏️ Structure

N (người) と V

💡 Usage

The particle 「to」 indicates the person with whom an action is performed together.

📚 Examples

•

佐藤さとうさんと日本にほんへ来きました。

Satou-san to Nihon e kimashita.

I came to Japan with Ms. Sato.

•

友達ともだちとレストランへ行いきます。

Tomodachi to resutoran e ikimasu.

I go to the restaurant with my friends.

•

誰だれと京都きょうとへ行いきますか。

Dare to Kyouto e ikimasu ka.

Who are you going to Kyoto with?

•

…家族かぞくと行いきます。

...Kazoku to ikimasu.

...I will go with my family.

•

彼かれと映画えいがを見みました。

Kare to eiga o mimashita.

I watched a movie with my boyfriend.

Meaning

Won't you join me in doing ...? (Invitation)

✏️ Structure

V-masen ka

💡 Usage

Used to invite or propose an action to the listener. It expresses respect for the listener's opinion.

📚 Examples

•

いっしょに食たべませんか。

Isshoni tabemasen ka.

Won't you eat with me?

•

…ええ、いいですね。

...Ee, ii desu ne.

...Yes, that sounds good.

•

いっしょに京都きょうとへ行いきませんか。

Isshoni Kyouto e ikimasen ka.

Won't you go to Kyoto with me?

•

…ええ、行いきましょう。

...Ee, ikimashou.

...Yes, let's go.

•

明日あした、テニスをしませんか。

Ashita, tenisu o shimasen ka.

Won't you play tennis tomorrow?

Meaning

Let's do ...! (Suggestion)

✏️ Structure

V-mashou

💡 Usage

Used to suggest doing something together or to positively agree with an invitation.

📚 Examples

•

ちょっと休やすみましょう。

Chotto yasumimashou.

Let's take a short break.

•

…はい、そうしましょう。

...Hai, sou shimashou.

...Yes, let's do that.

•

いっしょに昼ひるごはんを食たべましょう。

Isshoni hirugohan o tabemashou.

Let's eat lunch together.

•

午後ごごから勉強べんきょうしましょう。

Gogo kara benkyou shimashou.

Let's study in the afternoon.

•

タクシーで帰かえりましょう。

Takushii de kaerimashou.

Let's go home by taxi.

Meaning

Expressing agreement or confirmation

✏️ Structure

S か

💡 Usage

In this lesson, it is used to express agreement with a suggestion or invitation from the other person.

📚 Examples

•

明日あしたお花見はなみをします。…お花見はなみですか。いいですね。

Ashita ohanami o shimasu. ...Ohanami desu ka. Ii desu ne.

Tomorrow I will go flower viewing. ...Flower viewing? That sounds nice.

•

日曜日にちようびに京都きょうとへ行いきます。…京都きょうとですか。いいですね。

Nichiyoubi ni Kyouto e ikimasu. ...Kyouto desu ka. Ii desu ne.

I am going to Kyoto on Sunday. ...Kyoto? That is great.

•

新あたらしい車くるまを買かいました。…車くるまですか。いいですね。

Atarashii kuruma o kaimashita. ...Kuruma desu ka. Ii desu ne.

I bought a new car. ...A car? That's nice.

•

来週らいしゅう、日本にほんへ帰かえります。…日本にほんですか。いいですね。

Raishuu, Nihon e kaerimasu. ...Nihon desu ka. Ii desu ne.

I will return to Japan next week. ...Japan? That's wonderful.

📖Related Grammar

Lesson 4: What time is it now?

Lesson 5: I go to Japan

Lesson 7: Who do you give presents to?

Lesson 8: How is your life?

Japanese Learning

Lesson 6: Shall we eat together?

Noun を Verb (Transitive Verb)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Noun をします (Do Noun)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

なにをしますか (What will you do?)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Distinguishing なん (Nan) and なに (Nani)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Noun (location) で (de) Verb

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Noun (person) と (to) Verb

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Verb ませんか (masen ka)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Verb ましょう (mashou)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

～か (Confirmation / Agreement)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

📖Related Grammar

Japanese Learning

Lesson 6: Shall we eat together?

Noun を Verb (Transitive Verb)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Noun を します (Do Noun)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

なに を しますか (What will you do?)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Distinguishing なん (Nan) and なに (Nani)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Noun (location) で (de) Verb

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Noun (person) と (to) Verb

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Verb ませんか (masen ka)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

Verb ましょう (mashou)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

～か (Confirmation / Agreement)

✏️ Structure

💡 Usage

📚 Examples

📖Related Grammar

Noun をします (Do Noun)

なにをしますか (What will you do?)